Email snooping can be avoided by solutions from encryption to anonymous remailing services.
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You already know how to keep messages private: you just encrypt the contents using a password.
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But although this kind of technology has been freely available to PC users since Phil Zimmermann launched PGP (Pretty Good Privacy) in 1991, hardly anyone uses it.
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The benefits of email and online messaging are that they are fast and relatively frictionless.
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You don't need to address an envelope.
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Find a stamp.
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Walk to a post box and so on.
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And encryption becomes an annoyance.
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The problem with the latest government attempts at snooping is that they are not concerned with the content of messages, but their existence.
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If you have found some suspected criminals or terrorists, then you will want to know who their friends are:
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The people they email or message most frequently.
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Each of these people can probably be identified by their internet protocol (IP) address: the number assigned by their ISP (internet service provider).
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Even an encrypted email will usually include the addresses of the sender and the recipient in its headers.
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The general solution to privacy concerns is to use a non-UK "proxy server" to relay web pages, messages, anonymous email accounts and other content anonymously.
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Hackers who really want to hide their origins will use several proxy servers, including ones that are acting as proxies without their owner's knowledge.
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Many websites publish lists of free proxy servers, which are updated continuously.
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Of course, these servers may offer less privacy than your ISP, and some may be traps or "honeypots".
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However, there are some trusted anonymous servers available either free or for modest payments.
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Examples include hidemyass.com, anonymouse.org, Guardster, Proxify, IDzap and Megaproxy.
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Such servers usually have terms of service to prevent abusive or criminal behaviour.
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They will probably record your IP address and may report you if you breach them, so they're not completely beyond government reach.
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However, they're probably beyond government fishing expeditions.
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There are also some really anonymous remailer services, which use networks such as Cypherpunk and Mixmaster to ensure privacy.
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The drawback is that if you send an email anonymously, the recipient cannot simply hit Reply.
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QuickSilver software for 32-bit Microsoft Windows makes it relatively simple to route an email through 45 or more remailers using Mixmaster.
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But like the Tor anonymous network, this kind of thing is mostly used by programmers and geeks.
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There are simpler ways to send private and/or anonymous emails.
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For example, anonymouse.org offers a simple form for AnonEmail, as does the sendanonymousemail.net website.
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There's also Mailinator, which provides free disposable email addresses, and Hushmail, which works like an ordinary email service but encrypts all your email.
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For encrypted instant messaging, you could try BitWiseIM or ProjectSCIM (for Secure Cryptographic Instant Messenger).
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Facebook's internal messaging is reasonably private because it's not visible on the net, though it could be vulnerable to a court order.
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In the end, the simplest way to increase your privacy and security is to restrict your internet use to sites and services that have SSL connections.
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These are already standard for banks and shopping sites, and are increasingly used for email and other purposes.
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You can recognise them by the s for secure in their https: addresses, and a padlock visible in the browser.
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The next step is to use the InPrivate, Incognito or Private Browsing feature of your web browser to use anonymous online services.
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However, it's worth trying proxy servers and services, if only to provide a nice illustration of the law of unintended consequences.
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In other words, government attempts to snoop can help to create an internet culture where snooping becomes impossible.
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Jack Schofield
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